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To make it simple:

If you're talking about objects, people... it's a matter of distance

kono hon : this book

sono hon : the book there

ano hon : the book over there

(stg like that)

All you need to know now is the order, cause it's the same for kore sore are etc...
When you talk about something that is not physically present, or that is not an object, there are some other rules.
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not only, if both the 2 people talking know exactly about what it is, they might use あの
I don't remember for この
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